BIOGRAPHICAL
| First Name | Joan |
| Surnames | |
| Gender | Female |
| Birth Information | 1768 Thomas Jefferson’s Farm Book, page 12 |
AS PROPERTY
| First Name | Joan |
| Surnames | |
| Gender | Female |
| Birth Information | 1768 Thomas Jefferson’s Farm Book, page 12 |
| Thomas Jefferson documents the people he enslaves across his properties, noting if someone is engaged in agriculture, a tradesperson, or is unable to work. 74 people are recorded at Elk Hil. | |
| Role | Enumerated |
| Listed With | Nan Hubbard (d. 1774)Frank (d. 1775)Gamey (1764-1776)Natt (b. 1766)Armistead (b. 1771)Natia (b. 1773) |
| Sources | Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book, page 17 Thomas Jefferson’s Farm Book, page 18 |
| 34 people at Elk Hill are transferred to Thomas Jefferson in the division of his father’s estate. | |
| From Enslaver | John Wayles (1715-1773) |
| To Enslaver | Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) |
| Role | Sold Or Transferred |
| Listed With | Nan Hubbard (d. 1774)Frank (d. 1775)Gamey (1764-1776)Natt (b. 1766)Armistead (b. 1771)Natia (b. 1773) |
| Sources | Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book, page 11 |
| Thomas Jefferson documents the people he enslaves across his properties. He records 129 people in Albemarle County, but only 128 names are visible on the manuscript. | |
| Role | Enumerated |
| Listed With | James Hubbard (b. 1743)Cate Hubbard (b. 1747)Armistead (b. 1771)Natia (b. 1773)HannahRachael (b. 1773)Maria Hubbard (b. 1776)Eve Hubbard (b. 1779) |
| Sources | Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book, page 24 |
| 27 enslaved persons are transferred by Thomas Jefferson as part of a marriage settlement between his daughter Martha and Thomas Mann Randolph. | |
| From Enslaver | Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) |
| To Enslaver | Thomas Mann Randolph (1768-1828) |
| Role | Sold Or Transferred |
| Listed With | Jeffery (b. 1769)Scilla (b. 1785)Nancy (b. 1787) |
| Sources | Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book, page 25 Marriage Settlement for Martha Jefferson, 21 February 1790 |
© 2026 Thomas Jefferson Foundation. Getting Word: African American History at Monticello is supported by the Mellon Foundation